Care for childChild Development

Prenatal Period is the time from start to birth, roughly a nine-month period. Infancy is the development period that extends from birth to 18 to 24 months. They are very dependent on adults. They start to learn the language, social learning, and symbolic thought. They explore sensor motor organization like sense of touch, sense of taste, sense of sound, sense of smell and sense of sight.

Early childhood is the development period that extends from the end of infancy to about 5 to 6 years of age. This period is called the preschool years. During this time, young children learn to become more self- enough. Their language expands; they develop school readiness skills like identifying letters and to follow instructions. They spend many hours in play and with peers.

Immediate Nursing Care Of New Born

(1). Check the Apgar score at 1st minute and 5th minute

(2). Provide vitamin k 1mg intra muscularly

(3). Immunization

(4). Provide immunization card to mother

(5). First thing care is ore-nasal suctioning, clamp the umbilical cord and cut the cord

(6). Wipe the baby with clean towel

(7). Grasp the baby and keep it warmer

(8). Eye care and cord care using aseptic technique

(9). Nutrition: explain advantages and importance of breast feeding

(10). Elimination: check for passage me conium black and terry stools passing with first 24 to 28 hours after birth.

(11). New born should void within first 24hours of life

(12). Hygiene: while cleaning genital area wipe from front to back so feces do not contaminate genital area

(13). Keep diaper clean and dry which is best prevention against diaper rash

(14). Rest and sleep: provide adequate rest to new born since new born will sleep for 18 to 22hours per day

(15). Avoid sharp instrument and electrical sockets in bed

(16). Protect baby from hypothermia, infection and malnutrition.

(17). 30,000 kids die every day. Learn how you can help save them!

(18). Provide supine or side line position for sleep of infant

(19). Safety and injury prevention

(20). Side reels of baby cradle should be up

(21). Avoid over covering of new born

Parents Knowledge

Becoming a parent is a sole and happiest moment for everyone. After all the weeks of preparation and planning you can now hold your baby. The responsibilities of a ‘Mother’ and ‘Father’ come with the arrival of your baby.

Some important things that parents should keep in mind

(1). Keep a supply of first aid equipment in your house.

(2). The baby must be kept warm and dry to prevent heat loss.

(3). decide cotton cloths for babies to avoid skin allergies. .

(4). Never leave a young child along with your baby; he might pick him up and drop him or give him dangerous objects to play with.

(5). Mother should eat a well balanced diet which is more important if you are breast feeding.

(6). Breast milk alone should be given till the baby is at least 4 months. Even in very hot climate there is no need to give extra water.

(7). Oil should not be put in ears or nose. It can cause serious damage and infection.

(8). Strong odoured soaps and cosmetics should be avoided rather mild soaps should be used. These may lead to skin allergies and rashes.

(9). Never leave the baby alone in the bath even for a second.

(10). No home remedies should be given even for minor problems. Consult your doctor as soon as you feel something is wrong.

Mothers Advice

Breast Feeding

Breast feeding is the natural way of feeding your baby. Nature designed human milk especially for human babies, and it has several advantages over any substitute ever developed. Feeding your baby should be a pleasure. The baby should be at the breast immediately after birth. The vast majority of newborns can be put to breast within minutes of birth. There is no substitute for the colostrums (the thick yellowish fluid) that your breasts produce in the first few days and feeding your baby this will give him with precious antibodies to help him fight infection and built up immunity in the early months. Studies have also shown that skin to skin contact between mothers and babies keeps the baby as warm as an incubator. Breast milk contains just the right balance of nutrient, and it contains them in a form most easily used by the human baby’s immature body systems.

Breastfeed whenever your baby is hungry without any restriction of time. Provide for your baby even during the night. You can breastfeed the infant even lying down although the best way is to sit upright and feed. It is a ordinary doubt for breast feeding mothers whether their baby is getting enough milk. You can find out, by checking whether the baby is passing colorless urine at least 8 – 10 times a day.

How to Breast Feed

(1). Hole your breast with your index and medium fingers.

(2). Introduce your nipple and areola (the dark circle around your nipple) inside the baby’s mouth.

(3). Feeding while lying down is more comfortable but don’t fall asleep or the child could involuntarily be suffocated if you roll over with the breast still in his mouth.

(4). After breast feeding burp up any swallowed air, giving him soft strokes on the back

(5). Wash your hand and nipples with water and soap.

(6). Sit comfortably in an upright position with your back supported and hold your baby with her head up. Put a pillow on your lap to bring the baby to the right level of the breasts.

(7). Feed at one breast at a time till it is empty (because the initial milk (foremilk) is watery (contains sugar and proteins) and quenches the baby’s thirst while the milk that is secreted later (hind milk) is rich in fats and satisfies baby’s hunger.)

(8). After the first breast is empty, burp her and shift to the second breast.

(9). You can alternately start the feeds at either of the breast.

(10). Put your small finger in the baby’s mouth in order to take out your breast easily.